EFEKTIVITAS SAFETY INDUCTION TERHADAP PERILAKU K3 PEKERJA OPERASIONAL DAN PEMELIHARAAN DI SEKTOR ENERGI (STUDI DI PT. X)

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SAFETY INDUCTION ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH BEHAVIOR AMONG OPERATIONAL AND MAINTENANCE WORKERS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR (A STUDY AT PT X)

Abstract

Perilaku keselamatan kerja berperan penting dalam mencegah kecelakaan, namun di PT. X sektor energi masih ditemukan perilaku tidak aman meskipun tingkat kelulusan safety induction cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara pelaksanaan safety induction dengan perilaku K3 pada pekerja operasional dan pemeliharaan. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional pada 148 pekerja yang dipilih melalui simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dokumentasi, serta dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil menunjukkan 38,5% pekerja tidak lulus safety induction dan 35,8% memiliki perilaku tidak aman. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara safety induction dan perilaku K3 (p = 0,013; OR = 2,549), di mana pekerja yang tidak lulus memiliki risiko 2,5 kali lebih besar untuk berperilaku tidak aman. Temuan ini memperkuat peran safety induction dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, iklim keselamatan, dan motivasi keselamatan sesuai kerangka Teori L.Green dan pendekatan perubahan perilaku WHO. Disimpulkan bahwa safety induction yang bersifat partisipatif dan didukung penguatan manajemen berpotensi meningkatkan konsistensi perilaku aman. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi baru melalui integrasi Teori L.Green dan strategi perubahan perilaku WHO untuk menjelaskan mekanisme hubungan safety induction, serta penggunaan kelulusan safety induction sebagai indikator objektif efektivitas program yang jarang digunakan dalam penelitian K3 di sektor energi berisiko tinggi.

Kata kunci: Perilaku K3,  Safety Induction,  Sektor Energi

Safety behavior plays a critical role in preventing workplace accidents; however, unsafe practices persist at PT X in the energy sector despite a relatively high safety induction pass rate. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between safety induction implementation and occupational safety and health (OSH) behavior among operational and maintenance workers. A cross-sectional study design was employed involving 148 workers selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and documentation, and analyzed using the chi-square test. The results indicated that 38.5% of workers did not pass the safety induction, and 35.8% exhibited unsafe behavior. A statistically significant association was observed between safety induction and OSH behavior (p = 0.013; OR = 2.549), indicating that workers who failed the safety induction were 2.5 times more likely to engage in unsafe behavior. These findings underscore the importance of safety induction in enhancing safety knowledge, safety climate, and safety motivation, in accordance with Lawrence Green’s PRECEDE–PROCEED Model and the World Health Organization (WHO) behavior change framework. It can be concluded that participatory safety induction, supported by strong managerial reinforcement, has the potential to improve consistency in safe behavior. This study contributes novel insights by integrating Green’s theoretical model and the WHO behavior change strategy to explain the mechanism underlying the relationship between safety induction and safety behavior, as well as by utilizing safety induction pass status as an objective indicator of program effectiveness—an approach that is rarely applied in occupational safety research within high-risk energy sectors.

Keywords: Energy Sector, Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Behavior, Safety Induction